News filmowy w kulturze przełomu XIX i XX stulecia

Abstract

At the turn of the 19th and 20th century, in the era of rapid development of science, technology and popular culture, visual information began to gain increasing significance. This coincided with the birth of the film. The first filmed news appeared as early as 1895 thanks to the Lumière brothers, and later their cameramen. The growing hunger for information about the most important political, and social events with the imperfections of film technology, was one of the reasons why staged news scenes appeared. Due to the increasing need for news all over Europe, small cinematographic entrepreneurs, owners of the first cinemas, and sometimes only of the cameras began to make local news on important issues for a relatively small community. Since 1909 in France newsreels, e.g. Pathe Journal, Gaumont Actualité, Éclair Journal were released. They were a sign of the transition from occasional to regular news updates. Following the example of France, on the Polish land during three partitions occasional attempts were made to issue weekly newsreels.