Abstract

This paper is a contribution to the constantly increasing Polish interest in Russian thought, especially in Nicolas Berdyaev’s philosophy. It starts with a short synthesis of his philosophy. The differences between the Western way of thinking and Russian religious thinking are mentioned in passing. Berdyaev’s existential personalism, which from the sociological point of view can be described as freedom from the world, is dealt with. The thinker contrasts persons and their activities with the objectified world and emphasizes the existential strangeness of the person in the world of culture bound by different determining factors.